European energy efficiency ERP
Core content
ERP directive stipulates that energy consuming products included in the implementation measures must be affixed with CE mark before they can enter the EU market. Before obtaining the CE mark, the manufacturer or its authorized representative shall take measures to ensure that the products have passed the conformity assessment in accordance with the contents and procedures of the implementation measures specification, prepare the technical documents related to product conformity assessment, and issue the EC declaration of conformity.
According to the provisions of the ERP directive, the implementation measures shall allow the manufacturer to conduct product evaluation in either of the two conformity evaluation modes of "internal design control" (Annex IV to the directive) and "environmental management system" (Annex V to the directive). However, the manufacturer must submit relevant technical documents and test results to verify the authenticity of its conformity assessment. If the manufacturer adopts the "internal design control" mode, the relevant technical documents mainly include seven aspects: description of energy consuming products, results of environmental assessment research, ecological summary of products or product groups, elements of product design specifications, list of applicable standards or other coordinated standards or alternative methods used to prove compliance Information and measurement results required by users and processing institutions; If "environmental management system" is selected, the manufacturer is required to provide the environmental performance policy of the product, formulate the framework of product environmental performance objectives and indicators, and establish the plan of relevant procedure documents. In terms of implementation, the manufacturer shall establish and maintain the core environmental elements of the management system and manage all necessary document information. The manufacturer shall take necessary measures to ensure that energy consuming products are consistent with their design specifications and applicable implementation measures, and there are some similar environmental system certification contents.
The contents of the EC declaration of conformity (Annex VI of the directive) shall include the name and address of the manufacturer or authorized representative, model description, harmonized standards adopted, other technical standards or specifications adopted, other European Community laws related to the addition of CE mark, etc.
The documents related to conformity assessment and EC declaration of conformity shall be kept for 10 years after the manufacturing of the last product of ERP for inspection by the supervisory authorities of EU Member States, and shall be submitted within 10 days after receiving the request of the supervisory authorities of EU Member States. If the manufacturer of ERP is not in the EU and there is no authorized representative in the EU, its importer must bear the legal responsibility to ensure that the relevant products pass the conformity assessment and keep the relevant documents and EC conformity declaration.
In addition to the above ways, the ERP directive also stipulates other conditions for the inference of the compliance of the directive: that is, if the ERP product obtains the "flower of Europe" ecological label (the labeling system is formulated according to the EU regulation EC No. 1980 / 2000), it will be deemed to comply with the implementation measures of the ERP directive. In addition, products that have obtained other existing ecological labels can also be regarded as meeting the requirements of the directive after being evaluated according to the implementation measures.
The ERP directive stipulates that each member state shall designate a supervisory authority to exercise the power of market supervision over energy consuming products entering the market. The power exercised by the supervisory authority is usually reflected in three aspects: first, it can inspect the energy related products within the implementation measures and instruct the manufacturer to recall the products that do not meet the requirements; Second, require relevant parties to provide necessary information; Third, it has the power to sample from the market and conduct compliance inspection. The obligation of Member States to inform the European Commission and other member states of the information obtained in a timely manner. This means that when an energy consuming product is prohibited from entering the markets of one or more EU Member States, the product will also be unable to enter the markets of other EU Member States
Operation mode
ERP directive specifies the general ecological requirements (Annex I of the directive) and special ecological requirements (Annex II of the directive) of energy consuming products, and formulates the specific ecological characteristics and implementation measures specifications of specific products (Annex VII of the directive). Manufacturers and EU importers adjust their products according to the specific specifications. If they meet the requirements, they can be put on the whole EU market, otherwise their products will be prohibited or punished.
The general ecological requirements document does not set specific values, but sets an overall benchmark. It requires consideration of different stages of the product life cycle, such as acquisition of raw materials, manufacturing process, packaging, transportation and distribution, installation and maintenance, and
At the end of life and discard stage, the following basic ecological terms are evaluated:
Expected consumption of materials, energy and other resources (such as water);
Expected pollution of air, water or soil;
Expected pollution caused by other means such as noise, vibration, radiation, electromagnetic field, etc;
Expected waste, etc;
Considering the possibility of material and energy reuse, recycling and recovery in combination with WEEE Directive.
Specific measurement parameters include:
Weight and volume of the product;
Utilization of recycled materials;
Total energy consumption of the whole product life cycle;
Use of hazardous substances;
Consumption of use and maintenance;
The degree of difficulty in recycling and reuse (type and quantity of materials, standard devices, disassembly time);
Compatibility with old components;;
Avoid technical difficulties in recycling;
Extension of product life;
Generation and discharge of hazardous wastes;
Pollution emissions to air, water and soil;;
Important instructions for processing, use and recycling.
For a specific product, the Committee analyzes the existing models of similar products in the market from the technical and economic aspects, so as to select a representative model and put forward various options for environmental improvement; At the same time, determine the best technology and products available and refer to the standard requirements in various legislation. Then, through the economic and technical feasibility analysis, the specific implementation methods are obtained, and the specific numerical requirements are put forward, such as the limited values of energy and material consumption. For example, through the analysis of various washing machines in the market, select the best product from the technical and economic point of view, such as brand a's model x (A-X) washing machine, and then put forward the improvement options in terms of ecological environment, then study whether the improvement based on this brand model of washing machine is feasible, and finally get a specific requirement value, For example, limit values of power consumption, water consumption and sewage discharge, shape, size, weight, etc. Then all washing machines must meet the requirements of this improved A-X washing machine model before they can be put on the EU market.
Implementation measures
ERP instruction is not an instruction for product requirements, but just a framework instruction. In accordance with the relevant provisions of this directive, the EU has formulated further directives on the ecological design requirements that certain energy consuming products need to meet, which are called "implementing measures".
The ERP directive specifies the principles to be followed for energy consuming products considering the formulation and implementation of measures:
It has a certain sales and trade scale in the EU market (more than 200000 sets per year);
The product has a significant impact on the environment (such as the four major areas of significant impact on the environment referred to in the European Union's sixth environmental plan: climate change, natural and biological species diversity, environmental health and quality of life, natural resources and waste);
It has great potential to improve environmental impact without increasing too much cost.
In addition, the EU's environmental priority policies (such as greenhouse gas emissions) should also be considered.
The formulation of implementation measures will analyze the environmental impact factors and the feasibility of improving environmental performance from the perspective of product life cycle; Then carry out competitive evaluation on innovation, market access, cost and benefit, taking into account the impact on the environment, consumers and manufacturers, including small and medium-sized enterprises. In addition, the EU requires that the implementation of measures should not have a significant negative impact on consumers while improving the environmental performance of products, especially on consumers' purchasing ability and product life cycle cost; Moreover, it should not have a significant negative impact on the competitiveness of manufacturers, including in markets outside the EU.
The ERP directive stipulates that while the directive is implemented, the European Commission shall formulate a work plan and set an indicative product group list for the next three years after the promulgation of the directive, which will be considered as the priority for the approval of implementation measures.
Currently issued Er implementation rules
Regulation no 1275 / 2008 ecological design requirements for standby and shutdown power consumption of household and office electronic and electrical equipment
Regulation no 278 / 2009 ecological design requirements for no-load power consumption and average effective efficiency of external power supply
Regulation no 244 / 2009 ecological design requirements for non directional household lamps
Regulation (EC) no 859 / 2009 on ecological design requirements for ultraviolet radiation of non directional household lamps
Regulation no 245 / 2009 ecological design requirements for fluorescent lamps, high intensity gas discharge lamps and ballasts without integrated ballasts
Regulation no 107 / 2009 ecological design requirements for simple set top boxes
Regulation (EC) no 640 / 2009 ecological design requirements for electric motors
Regulation (EC) no 641 / 2009 ecological design requirements for independent shaft seal free circulator and shaft seal free circulator integrated with products
Regulation (EC) no 642 / 2009 ecological design requirements for TV sets
Regulation (EC) no 643 / 2009 ecological design requirements for household refrigeration equipment
Regulation no 245 / 2009 ecological design requirements for fluorescent lamps, high intensity gas discharge lamps and ballasts without integrated ballasts
California energy efficiency CEC
CEC is the abbreviation of California Energy Commission of the United States. Its responsibility is to make the energy market develop in the direction of benign competition. The California appliance efficiency regulation, implemented by the organization since 1976, is the only mandatory energy-saving regulation in the United States that can affect non-governmental consumption behavior, and has played an important role in reducing energy consumption.
The regulation stipulates that electrical products must first meet the equipment energy efficiency regulations when they are sold in California. The regulation stipulates the energy efficiency index requirements, measurement methods and phased implementation plan for 58 types of electrical products. According to the requirements of this regulation, electrical products must be tested by a qualified laboratory according to the corresponding regulations or standards of the United States, and can be sold in California after meeting the requirements.
CEC is a compulsory certification application program in California.
Relevant controlled products, such as power supply, need to obtain CEC certification if they want to be sold in California. If they cannot meet the requirements of the new specification of publication number: cec-400-2009-013, they are prohibited from being sold in California.
CEC requirements for power supply
For AC input external power supply, the energy act of California stipulates that if it is to be sold in California, it shall obtain CEC (California Energy Commission's) energy efficiency test certification before July 1, 2007. If it fails to meet the requirements of the new specification of appliance efficiency regulation, it is necessary to apply for the device, It is prohibited to sell in California.
This energy act has special requirements for the performance of switching power supply. It has two levels "III" and "IV", namely the third and fourth levels. It has high requirements for no-load power consumption and overall efficiency of switching power supply.
Introduction to energy efficiency gems in Australia
Outline
The energy consumption performance of electronic and electrical products has attracted more and more attention of ordinary consumers. Many countries have formulated corresponding energy efficiency regulations. MEPs is the minimum energy efficiency standard set by the Australian government. The full name of MEPs is minimum energy performance standard. Changed its name to gems from October 1, 2012. The full name of gems is greenhouse and energy minimum standards
Registration authority
After MEPs is changed to gems, the original competent authorities of all Australian States will no longer accept registration and will be registered in the Australian gems regulator.
Note: if the customer is a New Zealand customer, you can register in New Zealand regulator without registration fee. After registration, the products can also be sold in Australia, but they must be imported to New Zealand and then exported to Australia.
Gems regulated products
The following products can be sold in Australia only after they are registered with the official agency in Australia:
air conditioner
Electric water heater
Gas water heater
Three phase motor
distribution transformer
Commercial refrigerator
External power supply
Set top box
television
Linear fluorescent lamp ballast
Linear fluorescent lamp
Self ballasting compact fluorescent lamp
Incandescent lamp
Ultra low voltage lamp
Refrigerator
Washing machine
dryer
dishwasher
Cycle of testing and registration
According to the product category, the test can usually be completed in 5-15 working days.
Registration usually takes about 4-6 weeks.
Registration is usually completed by local customers in Australia. If you need to register through an agent, you need to provide an agent authorization letter from local customers in Australia.
After registration, you can find it on the Australian energy efficiency officer website at http://www.energyrating.gov.au 。