ROHS certification
summary
RoHS is a mandatory standard formulated by EU legislation. Its full name is the restriction of hazardous substances. The standard has been officially implemented since July 1, 2006. It is mainly used to standardize the material and process standards of electronic and electrical products, so as to make it more conducive to human health and environmental protection. The purpose of this standard is to eliminate lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (Note: the correct Chinese name of PBDE refers to polybrominated diphenyl ethers, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers are wrong) in motor and electronic products, and focuses on the requirement that the content of Lead shall not exceed 0.1%.
Survey
New European Directive
(RoHS directive) 2011 / 65 / EU
The European ROHS 2011 / 65 / EU requires 6 items to be tested, and the directive takes effect as RoHS directive.
European new ROHS directive label
European new ROHS directive label
ROHS test items include lead (PB), cadmium (CD), mercury (Hg), hexavalent chromium (Cr6 +), polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs).
For hbcdd, BBP, DBP, DEHP and other projects, the directive only mentioned whether to be included in the control in the subsequent priority evaluation, and did not require the manufacturer to carry out testing.
Instructions
The European Parliament and the European Commission issued the directive on waste electronic and electrical equipment (WEEE Directive) and the directive on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electronic and electrical equipment (RoHS directive) in their official gazette on February 13, 2003
According to RoHS directive and WEEE Directive, there are 10 categories and 102 kinds of products included in hazardous substance restriction management and scrap recycling management, and the first seven categories of products are China's main export electrical products. Including large household appliances, small household appliances, information and communication equipment, consumer products, lighting equipment, electrical and electronic tools, toys, leisure and sports equipment, medical equipment (except implanted or infected products), monitoring and control instruments and vending machines.
On December 3, 2008, the EU issued proposals for the revision of WEEE Directive (2002 / 96 / EC) and RoHS Directive (2002 / 95 / EC). The purpose of this proposal is to create a better regulatory environment, that is, simple, easy to understand, effective and enforceable regulations. The main amendments of RoHS directive include:
1. Changed the legal wording and clarified the scope and definition of the directive;
2. CE mark and EC declaration of conformity of imported products;
3. Incorporate medical devices, control and monitoring instruments into the scope of RoHS directive by stages;
The six restricted hazardous substances have not changed, but the four substances - hexabromocyclododecane (hbcdd), 2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) - require priority evaluation to see whether they will be included in the category of restricted substances in the future
RoHS scope:
Only for new products launched on July 1, 2006.
Including household incandescent lamps and light sources.
It shall not violate special instructions or regulations on safety and health requirements - vehicle ELV; Battery directive, 91 / 157 / EEC, 93 / 86 / EEC & 98 / 101 / EC
Excluding: medical equipment or monitoring equipment (WEEE Directive 8 and 9); Maintenance spare parts put on the market before July 1, 2006; Reuse products originally put on the market before July 1, 2006.
Restricted toxic substances:
·Heavy metals:
– lead;
– mercury;
– cadmium cadmium;
– chromium (VI) hexavalent chromium
·Some brominated flame retardants:
Polybrominated biphenyls (PBB's);
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE's)
The maximum limit indicators are:
·Cadmium: 0.01% (100ppm);
·Lead, mercury, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers: 0.1% (1000 ppm)
Category VI hazardous substances
RoHS aims at all electrical and electronic products that may contain the above six harmful substances in the production process and raw materials, mainly including: white appliances, such as refrigerators, washing machines, microwave ovens, air conditioners, vacuum cleaners, water heaters, etc., and black appliances, such as audio and video products, DVDs, CDs, TV receivers, it products, digital products, communication products, etc; Electric tools, electric electronic toys, medical electrical equipment.
1. Examples of lead (PB) using this substance: solder, glass, PVC stabilizer
2. Mercury (Hg) (mercury): examples of using this substance: temperature controller, sensor, switch and relay, bulb
3. Examples of cadmium (CD) using this substance: switches, springs, connectors, housings and PCBs, contacts, batteries
4. Example of hexavalent chromium (Cr 6 +) using this material: metal anti-corrosion coating
5. Examples of polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) using this substance: flame retardant, PCB, connector, plastic shell
6. Examples of polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) using this substance: flame retardant, PCB, connector and plastic shell
Test principle
According to the requirements of the EU WEEE & ROHS directive, the qualified third-party testing institutions in China split the products according to the materials and test the harmful substances with different materials. In general:
·For metal materials, four harmful metal elements shall be tested, such as CD, CD, Pb, Hg, Hg, Cr6 + hexavalent chromium
·In addition to these four harmful heavy metal elements, brominated flame retardants (PBB / PBDE) shall be tested for plastic materials
·At the same time, heavy metals in packaging materials of different materials also need to be tested separately (94 / 62 / EEC)
The following is the upper limit concentration of six hazardous substances specified in RoHS:
Cadmium: less than 100ppm
Lead: less than 1000ppm
Less than 3500ppm in steel alloy
Less than 4000ppm in aluminum alloy
Less than 40000 ppm in copper alloy
Mercury: less than 1000ppm
Hexavalent chromium: less than 1000ppm
Reason for launch
It was first noticed that electrical and electronic equipment contained heavy metals harmful to human health when cadmium was found in the cables of a number of game consoles sold in the Netherlands in 2000. In fact, soldering tin and printing ink of packaging boxes, which are widely used in the production of electrical and electronic products, contain harmful heavy metals such as lead.
When will it be implemented
The EU will implement RoHS on July 1, 2006. At that time, electrical and electronic products using or containing heavy metals, polybrominated diphenyl ether PBDE, polybrominated biphenyl PBB and other flame retardants exceeding the limit will not be allowed to enter the EU market
Scope of application
27 EU Member States: France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, United Kingdom, Denmark, Ireland, Greece, Spain, Portugal, Austria, Sweden, Finland, Cyprus, Hungary, Czech Republic, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Bulgaria and Romania.
RoHS directive covers electronic and electrical products listed in the catalogue with the scope of AC1000V and DC1500V below:
1. Large household appliances: refrigerator, washing machine, microwave oven, air conditioner, etc
2. Small household appliances: vacuum cleaner, electric iron, hair dryer, oven, clock, etc
3. It and communication instruments: computer, fax machine, telephone, mobile phone, etc
4. Civil devices: Radio, television, video recorder, musical instrument, etc
5. Lighting fixtures: fluorescent lamps other than household lighting, lighting control devices
6. Electric tools: electric drill, lathe, welding, sprayer, etc.
7. Toys / entertainment and sports equipment: electric vehicles, video game machines, automatic gambling machines, etc
8. Medical instruments: radiation therapy instrument, ECG tester, analytical instrument, etc
9. Monitoring / control device: smoke detector, thermostat, factory monitoring controller, etc
10. Vending machine
It includes not only the whole machine products, but also the parts, raw materials and packaging used in the production of the whole machine, which is related to the whole production chain.
Certification procedure
(1) Fill in the ROHS test application form, which can be obtained from the center or downloaded from the website of ROHS certification center, and then return.
(2) After submitting the application, the customer will send the samples (or express delivery) to our company. Our company will reasonably split the samples according to the requirements, and feed back the split quantity and test cost to the customer. After the customer agrees, the test cost will be transferred to the designated account of our company (or paid in cash).
(3) After the payment arrives, the test will be arranged immediately. Generally, the test will be completed within one week.
(4) The report can be issued and delivered by express, fax, e-mail or in person.
Certification significance
Without ROHS certification, your products will cause incalculable damage to manufacturers. At that time, your products will be ignored and lose the market. If your products are lucky to enter the other party's market, once found out, they will encounter high fines and even criminal detention, which may lead to the closure of the whole enterprise.
Many large enterprises have long studied and prepared for ROHS certification, and many products have passed ROHS certification. However, many small and medium-sized enterprises are still quite unfamiliar with ROHS certification. They know a little, see flowers in the fog, don't know where to start, and don't know who to find certification.
How to test
In fact, ROHS certification is not so mysterious. It is similar to CE certification, FCC certification and other certification that people are familiar with. As long as a third-party notary laboratory with corresponding qualifications and capabilities can provide similar services for enterprises, it is nothing more than sending your relevant products to professional laboratories for testing and analysis, including lead, cadmium, mercury, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) Whether six hazardous substances such as polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) meet the requirements of RoHS directive. If they meet the requirements, they can obtain RoHS compliance report and certificate. If they do not meet the requirements, they must find another product that meets the requirements to replace them.
Products involved
It mainly includes: daily household appliances, such as refrigerator, washing machine, microwave oven, air conditioner, vacuum cleaner, water heater, etc; Black home appliances, such as audio and video products, DVD, CD, TV receiver, it products, digital products, communication products, etc; Power tools, electric electronic toys, medical electrical equipment, electricity used, including small and large household appliances, it and telecommunications equipment and consumer goods, such as radios, televisions, cameras and sound systems.
How does it work
Directive disposal prevents the possible release of thousands of tons of prohibited substances into the environment, and has brought important changes in the design of electrical and electronic products, increasing producers' awareness of the composition and toxicity of products. Other countries, including the EU's major trading partners, followed the EU example and brought similar legislation. RoHS compliant manufacturers are better prepared to face this global challenge. National competent authorities have strengthened cooperation to find and remove non-conforming products from the market, product trade and market structure. Due to their nature and volume, they are more likely to cause environmental problems based on their practices.
Instruction modification
The committee plans to recast the directive as part of an overall commitment to a better regulatory environment. The reform involves implementation, law enforcement and improved coherence. The RoHS directive also needs to be reviewed, especially with regard to medical equipment and monitoring and control instruments included in its scope, and to limit the adaptation of the list of substances. In the first year of experience and implementation, after extensive stakeholder consultation, recasting revealed the difficulties in determining whether some products fall within the scope, too many non-conforming products and differences between Member States, such as implementation related issues, There is also the potential for a chaotic relationship between RoHS and chemicals covered by new policies and legislation, such as increasing the risk of inadequate or inefficient implementation of directives.
RoHS progress
Some large companies have noticed RoHS and began to take countermeasures. For example, Sony's digital camera has stated on the packaging box that this product adopts lead-free welding; Printed with lead-free ink.
The Ministry of information industry also issued the administrative measures for pollution prevention and control of electronic information products in 2004, which is similar to RoHS, and established the "working group on pollution prevention and control standards of electronic information products" in October to study and establish a pollution prevention and control standard system of electronic information products in line with China's national conditions; Carry out research, preparation and revision of standards related to pollution prevention and control of electronic information products, especially accelerate the formulation of basic standards such as materials, processes, terminology, test methods and test methods urgently needed by the industry.
On July 1, 2011, the EU issued a new version of RoHS directive 2011 / 65 / EU in the Official Gazette (OJ).
As an instruction familiar to Chinese electronic and electrical product manufacturers, its introduction process can be described as twists and turns. Due to the great differences between the parties in the revision process, the amendment originally intended to be introduced in 2009 has been delayed again and again. In particular, there have been heated debates within the EU, including the Commission, the European Parliament, the Council, the industry and NGOs, on whether to expand the scope of products and restricted substances.
The main differences between 2011 / 65 / EU and 2002 / 95 / EU of the original RoHS Directive are as follows:
1. Expand the product range: all electronic and electrical products are covered by the directive (including cables and spare parts), but a certain transition period is given to the newly added category 8 medical devices and category 9 monitoring and control instruments (including industrial monitoring instruments). In addition, 20 exemptions are given for these two types of products (listed in Annex IV)
2. Clarify some definitions
3. The scope of controlled substances has not been expanded, but the original limit requirements for six substances have been maintained. However, it is proposed that in the future review process, substances including DEHP should be investigated first, so as to pave the way for instructing to expand the scope of controlled substances in the future
4. The provisions on producer are deleted, and the definitions of "manufacturer", "authorized representative", "importer" and "distributor" are added, and their responsibilities are clearly defined
5. Specify the CE mark to be attached to the product and relevant matters of CE mark.
This directive will enter into force on the 20th day of its publication in OJ, and member states need to translate it into domestic law by January 2, 2013.
The release of 2011 / 65 / EU will have a certain impact on China's electronic and electrical product manufacturers, especially due to the integration of medical device products, monitoring and control