Introduction to IP dustproof and waterproof grade detection
IP is the abbreviation of ingress protection. IP grade is the protection grade of electrical equipment shell against foreign matter intrusion. The source is IEC 60529, which was also adopted as the American national standard in 2004.
In this standard, for the protection of electrical equipment shell against foreign matters, the format of IP grade is ipxx, where XX is two Arabic numerals. The first marked number represents the contact protection and foreign object protection grade, and the second marked number represents the waterproof protection grade. For specific protection grades, please refer to the following table.
The following are the different levels of testing:
Dust proof grade
IP1 x
Solid foreign body detectors with a diameter of 50mm and larger shall be protected. The sphere diameter is 50mm and shall not enter completely
IP2 x
Solid foreign body detectors with a diameter of 12.5mm and larger shall be protected. The sphere diameter is 12.5mm and shall not enter completely
IP3 x
Solid foreign body detectors with a diameter of 2.5mm and larger shall be protected. The sphere diameter is 2.5mm and shall not enter completely
IP4 x
Solid foreign body detectors with a diameter of 1.0mm and larger shall be protected. The sphere diameter is 1.0mm and shall not enter completely
IP5 x
Dust protection cannot completely prevent dust from entering, but the amount of dust entering will not cause damage to the equipment
IP6 x
Dust shall not enter the dust enclosure at a low pressure of 20 mbar
Waterproof grade (indicated by the second x)
（1）IPx 1
Method name: vertical dripping test
Test equipment: drip test device
Sample placement: place the sample on the rotating sample table at 1R / min according to the normal working position of the sample, and the distance from the top of the sample to the drip port shall not be greater than 200mm
Test conditions: the dripping amount is 10. 5 mm/min
Duration: 10 min
（2）IPx 2
Method name: inclined 15 ° drip test
Test equipment: drip test device
Sample placement: make one surface of the sample form an angle of 15 ° with the vertical line, and the distance from the top of the sample to the drip port shall not be greater than 200mm. After each test, change another face for four times.
Test conditions: the dripping amount is 30. 5 mm/min
Duration: 4 × 2。 5 min (10 min in total)
（3）IPx 3
Method name: drenching test
Test method:
a。 Swing tube water spraying test
Test equipment: swing tube type water spraying and splashing test device
Sample placement: select a swing tube with appropriate radius, make the height of the sample table at the position of the swing tube diameter, and place the sample on the sample table so that the distance from its top to the sample spray port is no more than 200mm , the sample table does not rotate.
Test conditions: the water flow is calculated according to the number of spray holes of the swing pipe, and each hole is 0. 07 L / min, when spraying water, spray water to the sample of the spray hole in the 60 ° arc section on both sides of the midpoint of the swing pipe product. The sample is placed at the center of the semicircle of the pendulum tube. The swing tube swings 60 ° on both sides of the vertical line, a total of 120 °. Each swing (2) × 120 °) about 4
Test time: continuous watering for 10 min
b。 Sprinkler spray test
Test equipment: hand held water spraying and splashing test device
Sample placement: make the parallel distance from the top of the test to the spray port of the hand-held nozzle between 300mm and 500mm
Test conditions: baffle with balance weight shall be installed during the test, and the water flow shall be 10 L / min
Test time: calculated according to the shell surface area of the tested sample, 1 min per square meter (excluding the installation area), at least 5 min
（4）IPx 4
Method name: splash test
Test method:
a. Pendulum tube splash test
Test equipment and sample placement: the same as paragraph a of IPX 3 above;
Test conditions: except for the following conditions, they are the same as paragraph a of IPX 3 above; The water spray area is the water spray from the water spray hole in the 90 ° arc section on both sides of the middle point of the pendulum tube to the sample. Tested sample the product is placed in the center of the semicircle of the pendulum tube. The pendulum tube swings 180 ° on both sides of the vertical line, about 360 ° in total. Each swing (2) × 360 °) about 12s
Test time: the same as paragraph a of IPX 3 above (i.e. 10 min).
b. Sprinkler splash test
Test equipment and sample placement: the same as paragraph B of IPX 3 above;
Test conditions: remove the baffle with counterweight installed on the equipment, and the rest are the same as paragraph B of IPX 3 above;
Test time: the same as paragraph B of IPX 3 above, i.e. 1 min per square meter (excluding installation area) and at least 5 min based on the shell surface area of the tested sample
（5）IPx 5
Method name: water spray test
Test equipment: the inner diameter of the spray port of the nozzle is 6. 3mm
Test conditions: make the distance between the test sample and the water spray port 2. 5m ~ 3M, and the water flow is 12. 5 L/min ( 750 L/h )
Test time: 1 min per square meter (excluding installation area) based on the shell surface area of the tested sample, at least 3 min
（6）IPx 6
Method name: strong water spray test;
Test equipment: the inner diameter of the spray port of the nozzle is 12. 5 mm
Test conditions: make the distance between the test sample and the water spray port 2. 5m ~ 3M, water flow of 100 L / min (6000 L / h)
Test time: 1 min per square meter (excluding installation area) based on the shell surface area of the tested sample, at least 3 min
（7）IPx 7
Method name: short time immersion test
Test equipment and test conditions: immersion tank. The size shall be such that the distance from the bottom of the sample to the water surface shall be at least 1m after the sample is put into the immersion tank. The distance from the top of the sample to the water surface shall be at least0。15m test time: 30 min
（8）IPx 8
Method name: continuous diving test;
Test equipment, test conditions and test time: it shall be agreed by the supplier and the buyer, and its severity shall be higher than IPX 7.